Larvicidal Activity of Solvent Extracts of Nicotiana tabacum L, and Datura metel L, (Solanales: Solanaceae) Against Larvae of Three Mosquito Species

Mosquitoes are insects that vector many of the life threatening diseases. Control these is one major problems world today. Leaves and seed kernel extracts Tobacco; Nicotiana tabacum (L.) Thorn-Apple; Datura metel were assayed for larvicidal activity against three mosquito species Aedes, Anopheles Culex respectively. Samples collected from breeding sites reared in laboratory continued source larvae following standard procedures. The plants parts used extracted with hexane, chloroform methanol increasing order polarity. Each extract was formulated into 0.9, 1.6, 2.4, 3.5 4.0mg/mL concentrations, tested 25 each genus replicates, alongside controls over 12 to 72 hrs periods. exhibited highest subjected phytochemical screenings searching active ingredients. Data analyzed using Analysis Variance, treatment means separated through DNMRT lethal concentrations determined. Among tested, hexane D. N. caused more than 70% mortality on Aedes when applied after (LC50 2.94±0.1 LC502.58±0.1 mg/mL respectively). less susceptible all extracts. Though, observed be directly proportional larval exposure periods, significant differences (p< 0.05) death observed. found contain alkaloids, saponins steroids, flavonoids glycosides moderate high quantity which could responsible activity. Future formulation studies, toxicity profile possible mechanism action may lead development potential insecticidal products.